territory at that time. The opening of the narrative sets the stage for an in-depth exploration of Ghât, describing its fortress-like appearance and the lifestyle of its inhabitants, including the practices of the Tuareg people. De Bary portrays the city as a vibrant yet cautious place, filled with visitors eager to meet a doctor, and illustrates the social dynamics at play, especially the interactions between the local Tuareg tribes and the Turkish overseers. The text introduces key characters, including the governor, Es-Safi, and various Tuareg figures, while detailing the customs and laws governing this unique desert society. Through firsthand accounts of daily life and challenges faced by travelers in this remote region, the author aims to document the landscape and human behaviors with a scientific yet personal lens. (This is an automatically generated summary.)